Validation of the DYOP visual acuity test

Purpose: The dynamic optotype (DYOP) visual acuity (VA) test is based on motion detection rather than element resolution and has been proposed for routine clinical assessment. This investigation examined the validity, inter- and intra-session repeatability and subjective preference for the DYOP versus a static letter chart and examined its utility in detecting astigmatic defocus. Methods: VA of 103 participants was measured three times with the letter and DYOP charts and repeated within two weeks in 75 participants who also rated their subjective experience. The VA of 29 participants was measured using DYOP, letter, Landolt C, and Tumbling E charts, with habitual correction and astigmatism induced with +1.00, +2.00 or +3.00 cylinders at 45, 60, 90 and 180°. Results: The charts differed by a mean of 0.02 logMAR, with 81% of the measurements within one line of acuity. Inter-session, intraclass correlation coefficients, within-subject SD and repeatability were 0.03 logMAR, 0.95, 0.11 and 0.30 versus 0.01 logMAR, 0.92, 0.15 and 0.42 for the DYOP and letter charts, respectively. The DYOP was significantly more frustrating (1.79 vs.1.36), with 59% preferring the letter chart. The DYOP was least affected by induced astigmatism. Conclusions: The DYOP and letter charts differed significantly in their mean values with wide limits of agreement. DYOP had better within-subject SD and narrower limits of agreement between sessions, though clinically insignificant, and performed significantly worse for the detection of uncorrected astigmatism. Thus, it is difficult to recommend this test for the clinical determination of refractive error. (AU)

Validation of the DYOP visual acuity test.

PURPOSE: The dynamic optotype (DYOP) visual acuity (VA) test is based on motion detection rather than element resolution and has been proposed for routine clinical assessment. This investigation examined the validity, inter- and intra-session repeatability and subjective preference for the DYOP versus a static letter chart and examined its utility in detecting astigmatic defocus. METHODS: VA of 103 participants was measured three times with the letter and DYOP charts and repeated within two weeks in 75 participants who also rated their subjective experience. The VA of 29 participants was measured using DYOP, letter, Landolt C, and Tumbling E charts, with habitual correction and astigmatism induced with +1.00, +2.00 or +3.00 cylinders at 45, 60, 90 and 180°. RESULTS: The charts differed by a mean of 0.02 logMAR, with 81% of the measurements within one line of acuity. Inter-session, intraclass correlation coefficients, within-subject SD and repeatability were 0.03 logMAR, 0.95, 0.11 and 0.30 versus 0.01 logMAR, 0.92, 0.15 and 0.42 for the DYOP and letter charts, respectively. The DYOP was significantly more frustrating (1.79 vs.1.36), with 59% preferring the letter chart. The DYOP was least affected by induced astigmatism. CONCLUSIONS: The DYOP and letter charts differed significantly in their mean values with wide limits of agreement. DYOP had better within-subject SD and narrower limits of agreement between sessions, though clinically insignificant, and performed significantly worse for the detection of uncorrected astigmatism. Thus, it is difficult to recommend this test for the clinical determination of refractive error.

Epithelial Inclusion Cyst of the Bulbar Conjunctiva Secondary to Scleral Lens Impingement Managed With a MicroVault.

Acquired epithelial inclusion conjunctival bulbar cyst is a reported complication of scleral contact lens impingement commonly corrected with a diameter change or notch of the scleral contact lens. This case discusses an acquired epithelial inclusion conjunctival bulbar cyst due to microtrauma caused by prolonged scleral contact lens wear and corrected with a MicroVault.

A novel collaboration: Multifocal RGPs and low vision aids increase quality of life in visually impaired.

OBJECTIVES: By presenting 2 cases, this study aimed to discuss the utility of multifocal rigid gas permeable contact lenses in the low vision patient population, and their ability to decrease reliance on low vision aids and to increase quality of life. METHODS: A retrospective case series of 2 patients receiving care from two specialty practice locations was performed. Both patients were visually impaired presbyopic myopes, and sought care from both contact lens and low vision specialties in order to improve visual function and enhance their ability to perform activities of daily living. They were each fit with multifocal gas permeable contact lenses to be used in conjunction with low vision devices. The Visual Functioning Questionnaire - 25 was administered to both patients in order to quantify improvement to quality of life with the new contact lenses. RESULTS: Both patients were successfully fit with multifocal gas permeable contact lenses and reported decreased reliance on low vision aids as well as significant improvement in quality of life when wearing the contact lenses. CONCLUSION: The use of multifocal rigid gas permeable contact lenses in the low vision patient population may be an effective tool to make visually impaired patients, particularly presbyopic degenerative myopes, less reliant on low vision aids, thereby improving their quality of life.

Surgical eye spears for saliva collection and secretory immunoglobulin A measurements.

We examined the use of surgical eye spears for saliva collection and recovery of secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA). We established a protocol for recovering s-IgA at concentrations equivalent to those present in the control samples (untreated by surgical eye spears). Four different types of eye spears were submerged in the salivary fluid. Saliva was recovered from each spear by centrifugation. Novel ultra-sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine s-IgA concentration in each sample. The results revealed that Weck-Cel eye spears recovered s-IgA at concentrations not significantly different from s-IgA concentrations in control samples as long as the appropriate protocol was followed. We demonstrated that the use of surgical eye spears for saliva collection is a viable method for recovering s-IgA. (J Oral Sci 58, 205-210, 2016).